Lumbar Spondylolisthesis

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Lumbar spondylolisthesis is a spinal condition where one vertebra in the lower back slips forward over the vertebra beneath it. This misalignment can put pressure on nearby nerves, leading to lower back pain, leg pain, and difficulty walking or standing for long periods.

What Causes Spondylolisthesis?

There are several types of lumbar spondylolisthesis, depending on the cause:

• Degenerative: Most common in older adults, due to age-related wear and tear of spinal joints and discs.

• Isthmic: Caused by a small fracture in a part of the vertebra called the pars interarticularis, often seen in athletes or younger individuals.

• Congenital: Present from birth due to abnormal spinal development.

• Traumatic or Pathological: Resulting from injury, surgery, or disease.

Symptoms to Watch For

Many people with mild spondylolisthesis have no symptoms, but when the vertebra slips far enough, it can compress nerves. Symptoms may include:

• Chronic lower back pain• Pain radiating to the buttocks or legs (sciatica)• Numbness or tingling in the legs• Muscle weakness• Tight hamstrings or changes in posture• Difficulty walking or standing upright

Diagnosis

Dr. Midhun Jose uses a thorough clinical examination along with X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to confirm the presence and severity (grade) of spondylolisthesis and determine the most appropriate treatment path.

Treatment Options

The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms, stabilize the spine, and restore function. Depending on severity, treatment may include:

🟢 Non-Surgical Care

• Physical therapy to strengthen core and back muscles• Pain medications and anti-inflammatories• Activity modification and bracing• Epidural steroid injections for nerve pain relief

🔵 Surgical Options

If conservative treatment fails or if there is nerve compression, surgery may be necessary. Surgical options include:

• Decompression (removing bone or tissue pressing on nerves)

• Spinal fusion (stabilizing the spine by joining the affected vertebrae)

• Minimally invasive techniques, offered by Dr. Midhun Jose, reduce recovery time and post-operative pain

When to See a Spine Specialist

If you're experiencing persistent lower back pain, leg symptoms, or mobility issues, it's important to consult a spine specialist. Left untreated, severe spondylolisthesis can lead to worsening nerve damage and reduced quality of life.

Dr. Midhun Jose provides expert, evidence-based care for lumbar spondylolisthesis — offering both conservative and advanced surgical solutions tailored to your condition.